Narra - The Philippine National Tree
- KGM Resorts
- Jul 2
- 7 min read
Symbol of Strength and Heritage
In the heart of every Filipino forest stands a symbol of strength, pride, and resilience—the Narra tree (Pterocarpus indicus). Officially declared the Philippine National Tree in 1934, the Narra is more than just a towering hardwood; it embodies the enduring spirit of the Filipino people.
With its broad canopy, radiant yellow blossoms, and richly grained wood, the Narra has long been cherished for its beauty, durability, and usefulness. Found across the archipelago, it grows alongside the nation’s history—once favored by pre-colonial craftsmen, then used in colonial-era architecture, and today standing as a living emblem in plazas, parks, and schoolyards.
But beyond its physical majesty, the Narra tells a deeper story. It is a tree rooted in the Filipino identity—a silent witness to generations of cultural growth, struggle, and transformation. In this blog, we’ll explore what makes the Narra so special: its biology and unique traits, its ecological and historical significance, the threats it now faces, and what we can do to help preserve this national treasure for the future.
Let’s dive into the legacy of the Narra and rediscover why this timeless tree continues to matter in the modern world.
What is the Narra Tree?
The Narra tree (Pterocarpus indicus) is one of the most iconic and revered trees in the Philippines. Known for its beauty, strength, and symbolism, this tropical hardwood species is not only biologically important but also deeply embedded in Filipino heritage.
Scientific Profile
Scientific Name: Pterocarpus indicus
Family: Fabaceae (legume family)
Native to Southeast Asia and the Pacific, but considered especially significant in the Philippines, where it is endemic in several regions.
Physical Characteristics
Height: Can grow up to 35 meters tall.
Leaves: Pinnate with several leaflets.
Flowers: Bright yellow, fragrant, and bloom between February and May.
Wood: Dense, reddish to golden brown, and highly durable—ideal for furniture, flooring, and carvings.
National Symbolism
Declared the Philippine National Tree in 1934 by Governor-General Frank Murphy.
Chosen for its sturdiness, longevity, and wide use across Philippine society—symbolizing the resilience and enduring spirit of the Filipino people.
Cultural Significance
Frequently planted in plazas and school grounds as a living monument.
Its wood was historically used in constructing homes, churches, and ancestral houses due to its resistance to termites and decay.
Ecological Role
Acts as a nitrogen fixer, improving soil fertility.
Provides habitat and shade for various forest species, including birds and insects.
The Narra tree is more than just a tree—it’s a living legacy and a quiet yet powerful reminder of the country’s natural and cultural roots.
Ecological Importance and Benefits
The Narra tree is not only a symbol of national pride—it plays a vital role in maintaining healthy ecosystems across the Philippines. From enriching the soil to supporting wildlife, the Narra offers a wide range of environmental benefits.
Soil Enrichment and Erosion Control
As a leguminous tree, Narra has nitrogen-fixing properties that naturally replenish soil nutrients. Its widespread root system also helps prevent soil erosion, especially on sloped or degraded lands.
Carbon Sequestration
Narra trees absorb significant amounts of carbon dioxide, making them essential allies in combating climate change. Their dense wood structure allows them to store carbon for decades, even after being harvested.
Biodiversity Support
The tree’s broad canopy provides shelter and nesting sites for birds, insects, and small mammals. Its flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, contributing to local biodiversity and ecological balance.
Shade and Microclimate Regulation
With its expansive crown, Narra offers shade in hot, sun-exposed areas, helping to cool surroundings and reduce the heat island effect in urban environments.
Reforestation and Agroforestry Use
Due to its hardiness and rapid growth, Narra is commonly used in reforestation projects. It is also integrated into agroforestry systems for its timber and soil-restoring properties.
Natural Beauty and Air Quality
The tree’s fragrant yellow blooms add aesthetic value to landscapes and improve air quality by filtering airborne pollutants.
Historical and Cultural Significance
The Narra tree is not only a botanical icon—it’s a living symbol of the Filipino spirit. Here's how it has shaped the nation’s identity and heritage:
Declared the National Tree in 1934
Recognized during the American colonial period, the Narra was chosen to represent the strength, resilience, and dignity of the Filipino people.
Valued for Colonial-Era Architecture and Furniture
Its dense, reddish hardwood was favored for building grand homes, ancestral furniture, and religious artifacts—making it a status symbol of wealth and durability.
A Symbol of Nobility and Honor
Narra wood’s use in high-value craftsmanship elevated its cultural status. It came to represent not only physical strength but also moral integrity.
Present in Folklore and Traditions
The Narra appears in folk tales as a wise, steadfast tree. Its seasonal yellow blossoms are associated with quiet strength, humility, and natural beauty.
Planted in Public Spaces and Celebrated in Art
Found in town plazas, school grounds, and ceremonial parks, the Narra also lives on in Filipino poems, songs, and national celebrations that honor heritage and nature.
The Narra tree is more than just a towering presence in the landscape—it is a quiet but powerful reminder of Filipino resilience and cultural pride.
Narra in Everyday Filipino Life
Beyond its symbolism and stature, the Narra tree plays a practical role in Filipino daily life and traditions:
A Staple in Traditional Architecture and Furniture
Narra wood is known for its strength and resistance to termites. It’s commonly used in constructing bahay na bato, intricate wood carvings, and heirloom furniture passed down through generations.
Natural Medicine Cabinet
In Filipino folk medicine, various parts of the Narra tree are believed to have healing properties. The bark is used to treat diarrhea and ulcers, while leaves are prepared for skin ailments and anti-inflammatory remedies. Resin is sometimes used as a topical treatment.
Seasonal Blooms and Cultural Markers
The Narra’s vibrant yellow flowers bloom briefly, often after the first summer rains. Their fleeting beauty symbolizes renewal and quiet resilience, inspiring traditional poems and celebrations in rural communities.
A Tree for Commemoration
Narra is frequently planted in honor of significant events, from school anniversaries to reforestation programs, making it part of many Filipino life milestones.
Whether in the home, medicine cabinet, or community park, the Narra tree continues to be a living presence in the rhythm of Filipino life—rooted in both tradition and practicality.
Conservation Status and Challenges
The Narra tree may be the national symbol of strength and resilience, but it faces serious conservation concerns in the wild. Here’s a closer look at the challenges and ongoing efforts to protect it:
Rampant Illegal Logging
Narra’s beautiful and durable wood makes it highly valuable. Unfortunately, this also makes it a target for illegal logging, particularly in forested areas where enforcement is weak.
Habitat Loss and Deforestation
Lowland forests—Narra’s preferred habitat—are rapidly disappearing due to agriculture, mining, and infrastructure projects, further threatening the tree’s natural population.
Overharvesting for Timber and Folk Medicine
Beyond furniture, Narra bark and leaves are used in traditional remedies, leading to unsustainable harvesting practices in some rural areas.
Vulnerable Status in Some Regions
The IUCN has listed Narra as vulnerable or even endangered in specific regions, highlighting its declining numbers and fragmented habitats.
Legal Protections Exist—but Need Stronger Enforcement
Philippine law (Republic Act No. 370) protects Narra from unauthorized cutting. However, enforcement remains a challenge in remote provinces.
Community-Based Reforestation and Education Campaigns
From school-led tree-planting drives to national greening programs, efforts are underway to propagate Narra and restore its presence across the archipelago.
Protecting the Narra tree requires both national policy and local action—ensuring this living emblem of Filipino heritage continues to stand tall for generations to come.
How You Can Help
The survival of the Narra tree depends not only on laws and conservation groups, but also on the everyday choices of individuals. Here’s how you can contribute:
Support Sustainable Wood Products
Choose furniture and building materials made from responsibly sourced wood. Look for certifications that ensure legality and sustainability.
Join or Donate to Tree Planting Programs
Participate in local reforestation efforts or contribute to national programs like the Philippine government's greening initiatives. Every tree planted helps restore our forests.
Educate Others About Narra
Share the story of the Narra tree—its cultural importance, ecological role, and the threats it faces. Awareness is the first step toward advocacy.
Promote Native Species in Landscaping and Agriculture
Encourage the use of native trees like Narra in gardens, parks, and farms to support biodiversity and local ecosystems.
By taking small but meaningful steps, you help ensure that the Narra remains more than just a symbol—it stays rooted in the land and lives of future Filipinos.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Why was Narra chosen as the national tree of the Philippines?
A: Narra was chosen for its strength, durability, and significance in Filipino culture. It symbolizes resilience, patriotism, and the enduring spirit of the Filipino people.
Q: Is Narra wood still used in modern construction?
A: Yes, but its use is now limited due to conservation laws. Narra is prized for high-quality furniture and flooring, especially in heirloom or traditional Filipino homes. Sustainable sourcing and legal certifications are now emphasized.
Q: When does the Narra bloom?
A: Narra trees typically bloom from February to May. Their bright yellow blossoms are a striking sight and are often associated with the dry season and local festivities.
Q: Can I plant Narra in my backyard?
A: Yes, if you have enough space. Narra trees grow large and require ample room to thrive. They are excellent for shade and can contribute to local biodiversity.
Q: Is Narra protected by law?
A: Yes. The Narra is protected under Philippine forestry laws. Cutting or harvesting without a permit is prohibited, and conservation programs actively promote its propagation and reforestation.
Takeaway
The Narra is more than just a tree—it is a living symbol of the Filipino spirit: resilient, enduring, and deeply rooted in culture and tradition. From its regal canopy to its sturdy wood and healing properties, Narra reflects the strength and grace of the nation it represents.
Yet, like many of the Philippines’ natural treasures, the Narra faces growing threats—from illegal logging to habitat loss. Its future depends not only on laws and conservation efforts, but on how we choose to honor and protect it.
As we admire the Narra’s beauty and significance, let it also remind us of our role in nurturing the environment. By planting, protecting, and educating others, we help ensure that this iconic tree continues to stand tall for generations to come—a proud emblem of the Philippines’ natural and national heritage.
Narra is a national tree in Philippines. It is one that can be build a seat in the house.
We are like Narra tree, resilient and deeply rooted 🩵
Philippine National Tree
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Our National tree, huge and resilient, perfectly symbolizes us Filipinos ❤️
Narra- the Philippine National tree💚💚💚